Association of autoimmune thyroid disease and type 1 diabetes

Overt autoimmune hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were found three times more commonly in insulin-dependent than in non-insulindependent diabetics. Similarly, clinically unrecognised primary autoim¬ mune thyroid failure, as evidenced by elevation of the serum thyrotro¬ phs concentration, was twice as common in insulin-dependent as in noninsulin- dependent diabetics. In contrast to the general insulindependent diabetic population, insulin- dependent diabetics with overt and clinically unrecognised autoimmune thyroid disease were character¬ istically female and middle-aged at the onset of diabetes. Ages at onset of diabetes and of thyroid dysfunction were correlated, suggesting the possibility of a common and coincident pathogenesis. Insulindependent diabetics with coexisting autoimmune thyroid disease showed a higher prevalence of HLA-B8, cytoplasmic and complement-fixing islet cell antibodies than those without thyroid disease. Within the insulin-dependent diabetic population, retinopathy was not related to the coexistence of autoimmune thyroid disease. In diabetics with elevated serum thyrotrophin concentrations but serum total thyroxine concentrations within the normal range, hypothy¬ roidism developed at a rate of 5% per annum in patients with thyroid microsomal antibodies. Thyroid disease was more common in siblings of diabetics with thyroid disease than in those of diabetics without thyroid disease. Insulin-dependent diabetes was more common in siblings of diabetics with a personal or family history of thyroid disease than in those of diabet¬ ics without such a history. In contrast to the younger, male, insulindependent patients, diabetics with coexistent autoimmune thyroid disease showed no seasonal variation in incidence. Thus, the pathogenesis of diabetes, when associated with autoimmune thyroid disease, appears to be dependent upon an inherited predisposition and not on environmental factors

Fish Oil Supplementation Reduces Markers of Oxidative Stress But Not Muscle Soreness After Eccentric Exercise

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The Effect of Krill Oil Supplementation on Exercise Performance and Markers of Immune Function

Date of Acceptance: 08/09/2015 Acknowledgments We thank the technical support of the Institute of Medical Sciences Musculoskeletal Programme and the Iain Fraser Cytometry Centre.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The effect of high intensity interval exercise on postprandial triacylglycerol and leukocyte activation - monitored for 48h post exercise

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Constitutive expression of Yes-associated protein (Yap) in adult skeletal muscle fibres induces muscle atrophy and myopathy

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Policy recommendations from the 13th ICABR conference on the emerging bioeconomy

The International Consortium on Agricultural Biotechnology Research held its 13th annual conference in Ravello, Italy in June 2009. The theme of the conference was the bioeconomy,and this topic was addressed through research presentations from academia, government, and industry. Numerous presentations from developing countries highlighted the benefits of agricultural biotechnology in these nations. The broad range of presentations provided a wealth of insights, resulting in three policy recommendations regarding future funding, international regulation, and technology transfer.global food crisis, biofuels, food safety, innovation

Assessing fishery and ecological consequences of alternate management options for multispecies fisheries

Demands for management advice on mixed and multispecies fisheries pose many challenges, further complicated by corresponding requests for advice on the environmental impacts of alternate management options. Here, we develop, and apply to North Sea fisheries, a method for collectively assessing the effects of, and interplay between, technical interactions, multispecies interactions, and the environmental effects of fishing. Ecological interactions involving 21 species are characterized with an ensemble of 188 plausible parameterizations of size-based multispecies models, and four fleets (beam trawl, otter trawl, industrial, and pelagic) characterized with catch composition data. We use the method to evaluate biomass and economic yields, alongside the risk of stock depletion and changes in the value of community indicators, for 10 000 alternate fishing scenarios (combinations of rates of fishing mortality F and fleet configuration) and present the risk vs. reward trade-offs. Technical and multispecies interactions linked to the beam and otter trawl fleets were predicted to have the strongest effects on fisheries yield and value, risk of stock collapse and fish community indicators. Increasing beam trawl effort led to greater increases in beam trawl yield when otter trawl effort was low. If otter trawl effort was high, increases in beam trawl effort led to reduced overall yield. Given the high value of demersal species, permutations of fleet effort leading to high total yield (generated primarily by pelagic species) were not the same as permutations leading to high catch values. A transition from F for 1990 to 2010 to FMSY, but without changes in fleet configuration, reduced risk of stock collapse without affecting long-term weight or value of yield. Our approach directly addresses the need for assessment methods that treat mixed and multispecies issues collectively, address uncertainty, and take account of trade-offs between weight and value of yield, state of stocks and state of the environment

Роль руководителей занятий в самостоятельной подготовке курсантов ВУЦ

В статье рассматривается роль руководителя учебного занятия в самостоятельной подготовке курсантов военного учебного центра

Contribution of type 2 diabetes to all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease incidence and cancer incidence in white Europeans and South Asians: findings from the UK Biobank population-based cohort study

Objective: To investigate whether the health implications of having type 2 diabetes (T2D) were different in South Asian compared with white European participants. Research design and methods: Prospective data from UK Biobank were used, and 457 935 participants of white European and 7102 of South Asian background were included. Cox proportional regression was performed to investigate the association between T2D and health outcome by ethnicity. Results: Over a mean of 7.0 years (IQR 6.3–7.6) of follow-up, 12 974 participants had died, and 30 347 and 27 159 developed cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer, respectively. South Asians had a higher risk for CVD mortality (HR: 1.42, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.89) and incidence (HR: 1.78, 95% CI 1.63 to 1.94), but a decreased risk for cancer mortality (HR: 0.59, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.85) and incidence (HR: 0.80, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.92) compared with white Europeans. Compared with individuals without T2D, both white Europeans and South Asians with T2D had a higher risk for all-cause mortality (1.59 (1.48 to 1.71) vs 2.83 (1.76 to 4.53)), CVD mortality (2.04 (1.82 to 2.28) vs 4.40 (2.37 to 8.16)) and CVD incidence (1.37 (1.31 to 1.44) vs 1.60 (1.31 to 1.95)), respectively. However, the magnitude of the risk was higher for South Asians than white Europeans. Conclusions: Although T2D was associated with a higher risk for all-cause mortality and CVD incidence and mortality, in both white Europeans and South Asians, the risk experienced by South Asians with T2D was higher than their white European counterparts

Insights into the evolutionary conserved regulation of Rio ATPase activity

Department of Biochemistry III ‘House of the Ribosome’ and by the DFG Collaborative Research Center [SFB960-AP1] ‘Ribosome formation: principles of RNP biogenesis and control of their function’ (to S.F.-C.).; Work in the MacNeill laboratory was funded by Forskningsrådet for Natur og Univers (FNU) [sagsnr. 272-05-0446]; Scottish Universities Life Sciences Alliance (SULSA); Research in the Medenbach laboratory is supported by the Bavarian Research Network for Molecular Biosystems (BioSysNet); German Research Foundation (DFG) [ME4238/1-1]; DFG Collaborative Research Center [SFB960-B11] ‘Ribosome formation: principles of RNP biogenesis and control of their function’; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the framework of the e:Med research and funding concept [01ZX1401D]; Work in the Siebers laboratory was funded by a grant from the German Science Foundation (DFG) [SI642/10-1] from the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [0316188A]; Work in the LaRonde laboratory was funded by National Science Foundation [MCB0953493]; Publishing of this work was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the funding program Open Access Publishing. Funding for open access charge: DFG—Open Access program.Eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis is a complex dynamic process which requires the action of numerous ribosome assembly factors. Among them, the eukaryotic Rio protein family members (Rio1, Rio2 and Rio3) belong to an ancient conserved atypical protein kinase/ ATPase family required for the maturation of the small ribosomal subunit (SSU). Recent structure-function analyses suggested an ATPase-dependent role of the Rio proteins to regulate their dynamic association with the nascent pre-SSU. However, the evolutionary origin of this feature and the detailed molecular mechanism that allows controlled activation of the catalytic activity remained to be determined. In this work we provide functional evidence showing a conserved role of the archaeal Rio proteins for the synthesis of the SSU in archaea. Moreover, we unravel a conserved RNA-dependent regulation of the Rio ATPases, which in the case of Rio2 involves, at least, helix 30 of the SSU rRNA and the P-loop lysine within the shared RIO domain. Together, our study suggests a ribosomal RNA-mediated regulatory mechanism enabling the appropriate stimulation of Rio2 catalytic activity and subsequent release of Rio2 from the nascent pre- 40S particle. Based on our findings we propose a unified release mechanism for the Rio proteins.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe